[Raspberry Pi 4] ERROR: Failed building wheel for h5py

라즈베리파이에서 tensorflow를 설치 중에 아래와 같은 오류가 발생했다.

(.venv) 909ma@raspberrypi:~/projects/Camera-Detection-main $ pip3 install tensorflow
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting tensorflow
  Downloading tensorflow-2.17.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (223.9 MB)
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Collecting absl-py>=1.0.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/absl-py/absl_py-2.1.0-py3-none-any.whl (133 kB)
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Collecting astunparse>=1.6.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/astunparse/astunparse-1.6.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (12 kB)
Collecting flatbuffers>=24.3.25
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/flatbuffers/flatbuffers-20181003210633-py2.py3-none-any.whl (14 kB)
Collecting gast!=0.5.0,!=0.5.1,!=0.5.2,>=0.2.1
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/gast/gast-0.6.0-py3-none-any.whl (21 kB)
Collecting google-pasta>=0.1.1
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/google-pasta/google_pasta-0.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (57 kB)
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Collecting h5py>=3.10.0
  Downloading h5py-3.11.0.tar.gz (406 kB)
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  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Collecting libclang>=13.0.0
  Downloading libclang-18.1.1-py2.py3-none-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (23.8 MB)
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Collecting ml-dtypes<0.5.0,>=0.3.1
  Downloading ml_dtypes-0.4.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (2.2 MB)
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Collecting opt-einsum>=2.3.2
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/opt-einsum/opt_einsum-3.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (65 kB)
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Collecting packaging
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/packaging/packaging-24.1-py3-none-any.whl (53 kB)
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Collecting protobuf!=4.21.0,!=4.21.1,!=4.21.2,!=4.21.3,!=4.21.4,!=4.21.5,<5.0.0dev,>=3.20.3
  Downloading protobuf-4.25.5-cp37-abi3-manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (293 kB)
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Collecting requests<3,>=2.21.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/requests/requests-2.32.3-py3-none-any.whl (64 kB)
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Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /home/SinhyukKIM/projects/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages (from tensorflow) (66.1.1)
Collecting six>=1.12.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/six/six-1.16.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (11 kB)
Collecting termcolor>=1.1.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/termcolor/termcolor-2.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (7.7 kB)
Collecting typing-extensions>=3.6.6
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/typing-extensions/typing_extensions-4.12.2-py3-none-any.whl (37 kB)
Collecting wrapt>=1.11.0
  Downloading wrapt-1.16.0-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (80 kB)
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Collecting grpcio<2.0,>=1.24.3
  Downloading grpcio-1.66.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.whl (5.5 MB)
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Collecting tensorboard<2.18,>=2.17
  Downloading tensorboard-2.17.1-py3-none-any.whl (5.5 MB)
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Collecting keras>=3.2.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/keras/keras-3.5.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.1 MB)
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Collecting tensorflow-io-gcs-filesystem>=0.23.1
  Downloading tensorflow_io_gcs_filesystem-0.37.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (4.8 MB)
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Collecting numpy<2.0.0,>=1.23.5
  Downloading numpy-1.26.4-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (14.2 MB)
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Collecting wheel<1.0,>=0.23.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/wheel/wheel-0.44.0-py3-none-any.whl (67 kB)
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Collecting rich
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/rich/rich-13.8.1-py3-none-any.whl (241 kB)
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Collecting namex
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/namex/namex-0.0.8-py3-none-any.whl (5.8 kB)
Collecting optree
  Downloading optree-0.12.1-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (319 kB)
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Collecting charset-normalizer<4,>=2
  Downloading charset_normalizer-3.3.2-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (136 kB)
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Collecting idna<4,>=2.5
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/idna/idna-3.10-py3-none-any.whl (70 kB)
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Collecting urllib3<3,>=1.21.1
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/urllib3/urllib3-2.2.3-py3-none-any.whl (126 kB)
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Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/certifi/certifi-2024.8.30-py3-none-any.whl (167 kB)
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Collecting markdown>=2.6.8
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/markdown/Markdown-3.7-py3-none-any.whl (106 kB)
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Collecting tensorboard-data-server<0.8.0,>=0.7.0
  Downloading tensorboard_data_server-0.7.2-py3-none-any.whl (2.4 kB)
Collecting werkzeug>=1.0.1
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/werkzeug/werkzeug-3.0.4-py3-none-any.whl (227 kB)
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Collecting MarkupSafe>=2.1.1
  Downloading MarkupSafe-2.1.5-cp311-cp311-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl (29 kB)
Collecting markdown-it-py>=2.2.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/markdown-it-py/markdown_it_py-3.0.0-py3-none-any.whl (87 kB)
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Collecting pygments<3.0.0,>=2.13.0
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pygments/pygments-2.18.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
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Collecting mdurl~=0.1
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/mdurl/mdurl-0.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (10.0 kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: h5py
  Building wheel for h5py (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Building wheel for h5py (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [73 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py
      copying h5py/h5py_warnings.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py
      copying h5py/ipy_completer.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py
      copying h5py/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py
      copying h5py/version.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py
      creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/selections.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/dataset.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/vds.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/filters.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/group.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/base.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/attrs.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/files.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/dims.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/selections2.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/compat.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      copying h5py/_hl/datatype.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/_hl
      creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5z.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_selections.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_dimension_scales.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_attrs.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_filters.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_attrs_data.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_slicing.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5p.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_completions.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_dataset_swmr.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5f.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_dataset_getitem.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5d_direct_chunk.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_attribute_create.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_file2.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_file_alignment.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_dataset.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_file.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/conftest.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_file_image.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_datatype.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5o.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_dims_dimensionproxy.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_dtype.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5t.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_errors.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5pl.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_objects.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_h5.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_big_endian_file.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/common.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_base.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_group.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      copying h5py/tests/test_ros3.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests
      creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/data_files
      copying h5py/tests/data_files/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/data_files
      creating build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/test_vds
      copying h5py/tests/test_vds/test_highlevel_vds.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/test_vds
      copying h5py/tests/test_vds/test_lowlevel_vds.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/test_vds
      copying h5py/tests/test_vds/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/test_vds
      copying h5py/tests/test_vds/test_virtual_source.py -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/test_vds
      copying h5py/tests/data_files/vlen_string_dset_utc.h5 -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/data_files
      copying h5py/tests/data_files/vlen_string_s390x.h5 -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/data_files
      copying h5py/tests/data_files/vlen_string_dset.h5 -> build/lib.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/h5py/tests/data_files
      running build_ext
      Loading library to get build settings and version: libhdf5.so
      error: Unable to load dependency HDF5, make sure HDF5 is installed properly
      Library dirs checked: []
      error: libhdf5.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for h5py
Failed to build h5py
ERROR: Could not build wheels for h5py, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

요약하자면 `ERROR: Failed building wheel for h5py`이 발생했다.

 

그래서 간단하게 해결할 수 있는 방법을 소개한다.

 

1. 해결 방법

sudo apt install python3-dev libhdf5-dev -y
sudo apt install python3-h5py -y

이 두 가지를 설치하니 `h5py`가 무사히 설치된다.

 

2. 위의 방법으로도 되지 않는다면...

pip install --upgrade pip setuptools whee

맨 처음 이것을 시도했다.

 

sudo apt-get install libhdf5-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libhdf5-103 -y
sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev -y
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade -y

이후 위를 시도했다.

 

pip3 install --no-binary=h5py h5py

그리고 이걸 시도해서 설치를 다시 했지만 나는 실패했다.

 

pip3 install h5py --upgrade --no-dependencies --force

그래서 강제로 설치하도록 했지만 이렇게해도 되지 않았다.

 

sudo apt install python3-dev libhdf5-dev -y
sudo apt install python3-h5py -y

그리고 위의 두 줄을 입력하니 무사히 설치가 되었다.

 

만약 이렇게 진행했으나 그래도 해결되지 않는다면 `h5py`를 필요로 하는 라이브러리(예를 들어 `Cython`)를 설치할 계획이었다.

 

이 흐름의 관계가 있는지 정확히 파악하지는 못하였기에 이렇게 기술한다.